(Dec 20): UK retail sales grew more slowly than expected in November suggesting Christmas shoppers might not boost the economy in the crucial final months of the year.

The volume of goods sold in stores and online rose 0.2% last month, with supermarket sales partly offsetting a decline in clothing buys, according to figures published by the Office for National Statistics (ONS). Economists had expected a 0.5% increase, despite wet and gloomy weather conditions that weighed on sales. 

The figures dent retailers’ hopes for a turnaround during the key Christmas period, as consumers remain cautious in the wake of the Labour government’s first budget. They’re also a blow to Prime Minister Keir Starmer’s growth ambitions more broadly, with consumers making up two-thirds of the economy.  

“Caution lingers, slowing momentum in the economy,” said Nicholas Found, a senior consultant at Retail Economics. “Anxiety following the Autumn Budget combined with a mild start to November delayed spending on seasonal items.”

The report caps a week of data releases suggesting the UK economy is edging towards “stagflation” — a low-growth, high-inflation environment. Inflation increase to rise above the Bank of England’s (BOE) 2% target due to rising goods prices, while wage growth came in hotter than expected.

The BOE also downgraded its growth outlook as it now expects the economy flatten in the final quarter of the year.

“The recovery in retail sales was weak in November as fragile consumer confidence, the late timing of the Black Friday discount period and stormy weather curtailed spending. While we expect a stronger rebound in December, the weak figure further flags downside risks to our growth forecasts,” said economist Niraj Shah at Bloomberg Economics.

The official Black Friday date fell outside the ONS’s November reporting period this year, with the data adjusted to capture the effect of the change in timing. The numbers still offer some indication of demand over the major discount period as many retailers’ reported promotions started well ahead of the official start date, the ONS said.

“Households continue to adjust to higher prices, elevated interest rates and real wages growth at a meager 2%,” Found said. “Consumers are now focusing spending on carefully timed promotions and essentials, while deferring bigger purchases.”

Consumer confidence remains below levels seen before Starmer and Chancellor of the Exchequer Rachel Reeves started delivering his warnings of tough decisions on taxes and spending, with households still holding back big-ticket purchases, according to a GfK report.

A British Retail Consortium (BRC) report separately showed retail sales declining in November. While figures were pushed down because they didn’t include Black Friday data, the BRC said weak sentiment and rising energy bills depressed spending on non-food items like clothing. CBI figures also pointed to a decline, while consumer card data from Barclays showed most Britons turned to loyalty schemes and favoring own-brand or budget products to save money in November.

The BOE’s interest rate cuts this year provided some relief to households. Any extra relief next year is likely to be limited as policymakers are taking a cautious approach to easing borrowing costs amid worries of lingering price pressures.

Consumer-facing businesses are not expecting a major reversal of fortunes in December. Hiring for Christmas-related jobs was similar to levels seen last year when the economy slipped into recession, according to a Bloomberg analysis of Reed Recruitment data.

November’s gloomy weather contributed to the disappointing figures, discouraging shoppers from buying winter clothes. The month started with dry and overcast conditions and ended with storms, snow and heavy rains.  

Retail sales are up 0.5% over the year, but remain below pre-Covid levels, the ONS said. While food stores sales grew for the first time in three months, driven by a supermarket shopping, the overall figures was pushed down by an almost 3% decline in fashion sales.

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